For any diabetes type, glucose control aims to prevent microvascular complications. The speed of the β-cells' functional decline will guide the progressive or rapid initiation of lifestyle changes, supplemented by oral monotherapy, combination therapy, triple therapy (oral or injectable), and eventually basal or basal-prandial insulin administration. All currently marketed therapeutic classes can be used either alone or in combination, preference being given to medications with weight neutrality, free of hypoglycemic episodes, without deleterious effects on β-cells, and possibly with additional macrovascular benefits.
Key Words
Glycaemia, diabetes, HbA1c, glucose-lowering therapies, insulin